The Use of Evidence Based Practice in Nursing Essay

The Use of Evidence Based Practice in Nursing - Essay Example In nursing, proof based practice requires the re-assessment of research to improve deficient practice. In clinical settings, the utilization of proof based practice considers factor, for example, the thought of the requirement for change, where the examination question’s definition depends on the setbacks of current wellbeing rehearses (McGonigal and Mastrian, 2011). The utilization of proof based practice likewise considers the best existing proof, getting it, and coordinating it in the wake of making the vital improvement. Models for executing proof based practice in clinical settings A few models for executing proof based practice in clinical settings incorporate the Ottawa model of research use, the Stetler model, and the IOWA model of proof based practice. The Ottawa Model of Evidence Based Research in Nursing The Ottawa Model of Research Use (OMRU) was first made as an intelligent model (Kirchhoff, 2004). The Ottawa Model of Research Use is very successful practically speaking settings and holds that examination is a powerful procedure that includes interconnected activities just as choices being made by various individuals corresponding to each of the theory’s components. The Ottawa Model of Research has experienced various assessments, with the latest including components, for example, proof based advancement, the training condition, potential adopters, the appropriation of trend-setters, the usage of intercessions, and the aftereffects of the execution of developments. The Stetler-Model The Stetler Model of Research Utilization is a model that is practice-situated, and is utilized primarily as a theoretical and procedural guide for the execution of research results by and by. The theory’s initial segment comprises of the five phases of research use (Stetler, 2003). The th eory’s second part has to do with explaining the current information just as alternatives for each stage. The Iowa Model of Research is fundamentally used to improve the general nature of human services, and is a making of the Quality Assurance Model Using Research (Stetler, 2003). Research usage is seen to be an authoritative system through which various components are utilized to join the functional execution of research hypotheses. The IOWA Model The Iowa Model can be utilized for the reasons for executing quality human services as it gives a system to clinical professionals to settle on choices about the day by day rehearses that sway quiet consideration results (Larrabee, 2009). The Iowa Model urges wellbeing professionals to create practice questions, regardless of whether as a way to explain a current concern, or basically to get new information. These three models take into consideration clinical specialists to have the option to impart significant information to othe rs inside just as without a clinical association; in this way expanding nursing information and urging other clinical associations to take on proof based practices. Three data innovation applications in quality administration Three data innovation applications that are significant in quality administration forms in medicinal services segments incorporate electronic wellbeing records, bar coding, and the utilization of the clinical choice emotionally supportive network. Electronic wellbeing records were first made to fill in as a sort of electronically based file organizer holding different kinds of data about a clinical facility’s patients. Its proceeded with progress implied that it would additionally profit by incorporating content, transcribed

The American Government Free Essays

string(34) to appreciate the opportunity of worship. The insurance of social equality and freedoms is offered to the administration who authorizes their pleasure through proper utilization of the standard of law. It is this harmony between the administration as an underwriter of social equality and freedoms and the legislature as a violator of social liberties and freedoms that characterize whether the populace will or won't ascend against the political structures to protect their sacred and unavoidable common rights and freedoms. The battle for common opportunity and rights has spread over hundreds of years, here and there with an excess of slaughter. We will compose a custom paper test on The American Government or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now As time passes new resolutions are passed to shield and balance the new difficulties. This paper is a brief investigation of the administration and its job in propelling the dreams of human rights and freedoms as had been broadcasted by the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. The American Government: Civil Liberties and Civil Rights Civil freedoms can be characterized as those individual rights held and delighted in finished and against the legislatures. There is no free society that can exist without common freedoms. This is the fundamental distinctive element between a free state and an extremist where an individual is nevertheless a docile to the state. In such system, opportunity of press, the right to speak freely of discourse, or the opportunity of gathering is non existent and any person who straightforwardly can't help contradicting the framework dangers capture, detainment and additionally execution (Walker 2004). With regards to American culture social liberties is relevant concerning the Black Americans social equality battle which battled for fairness for ethnic minorities, individuals with handicaps, ladies, gay and lesbian individuals and other minority gatherings. Because of the noticeable quality of the battle for social equality in the United States of America; social equality are respected uniquely in contrast to common freedoms. Nonetheless, it is just legitimate that the idea of social liberties is viewed as a subsection of common freedoms. Common freedoms subsequently spread the privilege of each person to reasonable treatment from the legislature. Then again social equality here and there called social rights explicitly spread the privilege of every single individual to reasonable treatment from other populace just as from the neighborhood governments. The start of common freedoms and social equality can be followed to the marking of the Declaration of Independence which expressed that â€Å"We hold these facts to act naturally obvious: That all men are made equivalent. . . † This was the fundamental plan for future rules that would preclude any type of sexual orientation and racial segregation from people in general and private circle. The historical backdrop of the United States of America is embellished by fearless people who had the option to remain against the specialists of the day and announce the Declaration of Independence in any event, when the costs they needed to pay for such showdowns was their lives (http://www. u-s-history. com). Social equality and Liberties Colonial Period Influenced by the improvements in singular opportunities in England, pilgrims who moved to America had with them the longing to battle for changes that would promise them strict opportunities, give them rights to property proprietorship and above all shield them from the harsh arms of the legislature. The marking of authentic records like the Magna Carta established the framework for the organization of progressive beliefs in the new world. These men had fled Europe since they couldn't be allowed to openly seek after their social, financial and strict lives. It isn't in this way astonishing in the wake of settling in America, these pilgrims composed sanctions and records that built up the Republic which was expressly founded on freedoms. The absolute most significant contracts that communicated this craving to be freed and free were the Massachusetts Body of Liberties drafted in 1641, Pennsylvania Charter of Privileges in 1701 and the New York Charter of Liberties of 1683. The heightening of contentions in England after 1765, caused the new state to understand that the frameworks of government in England was a danger to all freedoms and rights that the new settlement treasured (Jillson 2007). This implied the intentional step towards the Declaration of Independence had an envious rationale of forestalling the overflowing over of oppression as was seen in England into the New settlement made with the conviction that human rights and freedoms was of more noteworthy significance. Aside based on what was drilled in the English Caste framework where ladies had essentially no decision throughout everyday life and men had no choice yet to be secured their dads social class, the New world gave a test ground to the progressive beliefs. Early articulations of such standards started to be viewed as ahead of schedule as 1735 when in Philadelphia, an Attorney called Andrew Hamilton effectively guarded a denounced; John Peter Zenger, against rebellious criticism charges. Around then analysis of the pioneer government was unfathomable. Through this effective suit, Hamilton had the option to build up by means of his New York Weekly Journal that the discipline of honest distributions scattering matters of open concern comprised an encroachment on the unavoidable privileges of residents (http://www. u-s-history. com). During those early years after the development of the American Republic, the Sedition Act of 1978 condemned the distribution or articulation of anything that was seen to be bogus, vindictive or shocking against the administration of the day or its authorities. It is a direct result of this resolution the Federalists detained Republicans during the organization of John Adams. Lately such laws would be an away from of the constitution. During this time ways of life between the three frontier areas in the New World fluctuated incredibly. In the North, where just extraordinary whether won, little family cultivates were progressively transcendent. Since life was troublesome forlorn the individuals who could persevere through the climatic hardships settled. The happening to the Dutch prompted the establishing of New Amsterdam. This was later on initiated as New York. The Society of Friends (Quakers), who were chiefly occupants of the Mid-Atlantic provinces moved to Pennsylvania and New Jersey where they kept on getting a charge out of the opportunity of love. You read The American Government in classification Papers The Southern Colonies of Maryland, North and South Carolina, Virginia and Georgia got home to well off English Settlers. These pilgrims imported obligated hirelings from England to work in their homesteads. With the expansion in the number and size and manors, slave work from Africa increased to fulfill the work need. The Southern settlements had amazingly enormous slave workers that a general public of slaves started to create. By the composition of the Constitution, servitude as an infringement of common freedoms was significantly dodged. By 1800, the quantity of slaves in the United States had arrived at a pinnacle of about 900,000 people which were essentially packed in the South. To tackle the expanding populaces of slave exchange, the Three-Fifths Compromise was enacted. In view of this rule servitude bloomed for the following 20 years with no issue at all. Congress came in 1808 to end, servitude and slave exchange however the unlawful importation was to proceed in the Southern States. The Industrial Revolution with regards to social equality and freedoms, the time of mechanical transformation went about as an impetus to the development of authoritative substances to battle for the privileges of the persecuted workers. Work issues started between 1861-1880 with the passage of recently taught ladies and farmer’s children into the modern work environment. As was trademark with the modern insurgency; packing, sweatshops, poor working conditions, kid work, amazingly extended periods of time of work were predominant in the industrializing Northern States. In journey of better working condition and terms, worker's organizations sprung. By 1869, the Order of the Knights of Labor was made to expand the arrangement forces of laborers through the unionization of every single American specialist. The period traversing between the 1870s to the 1900s saw fierce fights against the ills of industrialization. Associations battled for work law changes, aggregate haggling rights, most extreme hours in a day’s work lastly the lowest pay permitted by law laws. Despite the fact that, there were an assortment of associations as of now they didn't provide food for the privileges of blacks because of the occupations involved by blacks. Also, the degree of racial separation in these trade guilds was high to the point that even blacks that comprised these associations couldn't improve the working states of their siblings in occupations not secured by the worker's guilds. The development of National Negro Business League which was then headed by Booker T. Washington urged blacks to acknowledge the nearness of isolation among them and different races while progressing in the direction of going into business endeavors where they could visit. Some work chiefs, for example, Eugene V. Debs, Terrence V. Fine, Marry Harris Jones and Samuel Gompers even battled for equivalent degree of social equality that was concurred to the rich association pioneers, for example, Andrew Carnegie and J. P. Morgan. It is this underlying emphasis on equivalent rights for all that prompted the ascending of incredible associations like the Congress of Industrial Organization and therefore the strain to Congress to pass the work change laws like the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act with the fundamental goal of disposing of the work conditions that were adverse to keeping up least expectations for everyday comforts essential for the wellbeing, productivity and the general prosperity of the laborers. This was the call touted by President F. D. Roosevelt as one of the most significant, extensive and far located work law changes. It is this Act c

Literacy Analysis of Symbolism in The Necklace free essay sample

â€Å"The Necklace,† by Guy de Maupassant, is set in mature age France and is about a white collar class lady who is exceptionally avaricious and aspiring and wants to get into the privileged society through her better half who is an administration agent and her rich companion however winds up crushing her life futile. All through the story, the precious stone jewelry, the focal point of the story, is appeared by the creator to represent and speak to numerous topics, for example, riches and high economic wellbeing alongside the possibility that aspiration can prompt fate and in particular, the possibility that appearances can be deceiving.In the story, the creator utilizes the precious stone accessory to speak to numerous things, of which two of the most clear and direct are riches and high societal position. In reality a neckband for the most part speaks to magnificence, however the precious stone accessory for this situation speaks to more than that. In spite of the fact tha t Madame Loisel looks extraordinary with another, excellent dress worth â€Å"four hundred francs,† she needs the accessory since she has no gems and feels that it is â€Å"humiliating† to glance â€Å"poor† in rich ladies. We will compose a custom exposition test on Proficiency Analysis of Symbolism in The Necklace or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page That can be a sign of the accessory speaking to extraordinary riches as she chooses the precious stone neckband over certain arm bands, a pearl jewelry and a lovely â€Å"Venetian cross† in â€Å"gold and diamonds. † The accessory can likewise be utilized to speak to high societal position. Other than to look rich, Madame Loisel additionally needs the accessory since she says the gathering will have numerous significant and high class individuals and she doesn’t need to watch strange. Another bit of supporting proof is that Madame Forestier most likely consistently goes to parties with notable individuals. To speak to her social class, she believes that she needs a â€Å"string of diamonds,† regardless of whether they were all impersonation. Taking a gander at the story straightforwardly, the precious stone jewelry represents riches and high social status.If you jump further into the story, nonetheless, the precious stone neckband can likewise speak to more thoughts, for example, on the off chance that you are excessively insatiable, vain or yearning, it could prompt your fate. Madame Loisel is vain, accepting that she is â€Å"born for each delicacy and luxury† and f eels that â€Å"she was made for† excellent gems and garments. She has a ravenousness for acclaim, wishing anxiously to fascinate and be looked for after. On account of each one of those attributes, she acquires the jewelry from Madame Forestier for the gathering to fulfill her desire and insatiability. Be that as it may, when she returns home, she loses the accessory and needs to acquire enormous measures of money to purchase a substitution. That fates her and her husband’s lives as they need to try sincerely and live in â€Å"abject poverty† for a long time to take care of the obligation. Along these lines, the precious stone accessory can likewise in a roundabout way represent desire prompting fate in light of what befell Madame Loisel.Furthermore, the jewel jewelry can likewise by implication speak to the possibility of appearances being deluding. The thought is all around showed in the story with two models. The primary model is simply the accessory. All through the story, practically the entirety of the characters (counting the peruser) believe that the neckband is authentic. Nonetheless, at the end, Madame Forestier uncovers that the accessory is really an impersonation and worth just 500 francs. Another representation is Madame Loisel. At the gathering, she has all the earmarks of being rich, high class and is the â€Å"prettiest lady present,† yet as a general rule, she isn't rich, the gems have a place with Madame Forestier and she is in reality just white collar class. Generally, the accessory can be utilized to represent the possibility of appearances can be beguiling in light of the fact that appearances typically don't speak to the reality.The jewel jewelry in the story can speak to a wide range of thoughts both legitimately and in a roundabout way. Out of the numerous thoughts talked about in this paper, the best is the possibility of appearances being beguiling. The entirety of different thoughts riches, high social class, desire prompting fate, can likewise apply to the story without the last line where Madame Forestier uncovers that the jewelry is really impersonation. In any case, the creator purposely uncovers reality toward the finish of the story which echoes that the jewel accessory represents the possibility of appearances being deluding. It is likely what the creator proposed the accessory to represent. All in all, the neckband can be utilized to speak to an entire scope of thoughts despite the fact that the possibility of appearances being beguiling is viewed as truly outstanding.

Need Of Children Essays - Childhood, Parenting,

Need Of Children What are actually the purposes for why individuals need youngsters? Why do individuals need youngsters? This inquiry may appear to be somewhat insignificant, however when you take into influence the a large number of individuals that have youngsters every day the inquiry rapidly takes on another light. This isn't simply just an individual inquiry that effects just a couple of people, it is a lot bigger than that since it influences and directs the entire human populace. This issue unmistakably turns out to be increasingly significant at the point when this is considered. The topic of why individuals need youngsters is very much exemplified in Bernard R. Berelson's article The Value Of Children: A Taxonomical Essay. Berelson inspects all the significant reasons that individuals would need to have youngsters individually. Berelson opens with the main explanation of organic. He poses inquiries like, do individuals naturally need youngsters for a few worked in reason of physiology? Is there anything to maternal sense, or parental sense? Or on the other hand is science happy with the sex intuition as the best approach to guarantee continuity(220)? Berelson attempts to address these inquiries by looking at infants to grown-ups and furthermore the response that grown-ups need to babies. Berelson states the way that infants appear to be completely unique from grown-ups. They have enormous heads, huge temples, eyes nearly in the focal point of their head due to their huge temple, and they are fat contrasted with grown-ups. This is the reason Berelson accepts that this immaturity triggers something within man that makes him need to ensure and think about the infant. At the point when social customs direct the quantity of youngsters a family has this can be viewed as the social impact of having kids. In many societies even the quantity of youngsters one has is controlled by the general public. These social normalities can decide if or then again not a family has an extremely limited quantity to an exceptionally enormous sum. Having youngsters so as to pick up power is the political side to having kids. Berelson states all the political reasons very well when he says, There are political units for whom aggregate childbearing is or has been expressly energized as a segment obligation nations worried about national brilliance or serious political position; governments worried about the gracefully of laborers and warriors; houses of worship worried about spread of the confidence or their family member quality; ethnic minorities worried about their political force; semantic networks going after position; families and clans worried over their relative status inside a bigger setting(221). This explanation that Berelson makes unmistakably stresses all the political explanations behind having youngsters. Of course, how might one overlook that there are monetary explanations behind having or not having youngsters? Regardless of whether you have kids or don't clearly they are certainly an exceptionally money related choice. In social orders like our own, as Berelson focuses out, having kids is an exorbitant undertaking. Berelson talks reality with regards to what guardians are truly thinking before having a kid when he says, previously origination: another kid or an excursion to Europe; a birth conceded for a new vehicle, the nth kid requiring more use on instruction or housing(222). These considerations go through pretty much all point of view guardians before the choice is made to have youngsters. There is acceptable side to the financial purpose behind poor people. The poor can utilize their youngsters to work, chase, help take care of the home and other kids, in certain social orders in the event that one is a female she can get an endowment for a masterminded marriage, lastly for help when the guardians become more seasoned and need it. In spite of the fact that as Berelson states, the two social orders and families will in general pick way of life over number of youngsters when the opportunity presents itself(222). There is consistently the explanation of family or as Berelson puts it Familial. The reasons of familial are to broaden a family name, to attempt to satisfy the predecessors, and to empower legitimate strict services for certain societies. The family bond can likewise be utilized to help or hold a marriage together. A family gives one a feeling that all is well with the world, the kid as well as the guardians. Berelson makes an occasionally not exactly evident proclamation when he says, Kids need family, however the family appears to be additionally to require children(223). The last subject that Berelson goes into is the individual purposes behind needing kids. This has an assortment of sub-themes under it: individual force, individual ability, individual status, individual expansion, individual experience, and individual joy. Berelson accepts that a few people may what youngsters with the goal that they may have individual force or an authority over a individual like non-other

U.S. News Releases 2020 MBA Rankings

Many students apply to grad school believing that another degree will improve their professional options and salaries. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)’s employment forecast published in the summer of 2018, they may be right. The BLS forecast the jobs in master’s-level professions would rise by close to 17% between 2016-2026, and jobs in doctorate-level and professional-level occupations would go up by approximately 13%. If you’re thinking about applying to b-school, using the data in the U.S. News 2020 MBA rankings may be a good place to start your research and get an idea of your competitiveness for your target programs. U.S. News 2020 MBA ranking methodology U.S. News bases its MBA ranking on expert judgements about program excellence and statistical information that attempts to measure the quality of a school’s faculty, research, and students. Peer assessment data was garnered from deans, program directors, and senior faculty. They were requested to evaluate the quality of programs in their field on a scale of 1-5, with 1 being marginal and 5 being outstanding. This year, U.S. News added the GRE analytical writing score into both the full-time and part-time MBA ranking methodologies. Prior to this ranking, only the GRE quantitative and verbal scores were utilized. U.S. News  MBA rankings: Top 20 full-time business schools 2020 RankSchool2019 RankCity, State 1University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)3Philadelphia, PA 2Stanford University4Stanford, CA 3Harvard University1Boston, MA 3Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Sloan)5Cambridge, MA 3University of Chicago (Booth)1Chicago, IL 6Columbia University9New York, NY 6Northwestern University (Kellogg)6Evanston, IL 6University of California - Berkeley (Haas)7Berkeley, CA 9Yale University11New Haven, CT 10Duke University (Fuqua)11Durham, NC 10University of Michigan - Ann Arbor (Ross)7Ann Arbor, MI 12Dartmouth College (Tuck)10Hanover, NH 12New York University (Stern)13New York, NY 12University of Virginia (Darden)13Charlottesville, VA 15Cornell University (Johnson)15Ithaca, NY 16University of California - Los Angeles (Anderson)16Los Angeles, CA 17Carnegie Mellon University (Tepper)17Pittsburgh, PA 17University of Southern California (Marshall)20Los Angeles, CA 19University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill (Kenan-Flagler)19Chapel Hill, NC 19University of Texas - Austin (McCombs)17Austin, TX U.S. News  MBA rankings: Top 20 part-time business schools RankSchoolCity, State 1University of Chicago (Booth)Chicago, IL 2University of California - Berkeley (Haas)Berkeley, CA 3Northwestern University (Kellogg)Evanston, IL 4New York University (Stern)New York, NY 5University of California - Los Angeles (Anderson)Los Angeles, CA 6University of Michigan - Ann Arbor (Ross)Ann Arbor, MI 7University of Minnesota - Twin Cities (Carlson)Minneapolis, MN 8University of Texas - Austin (McCombs)Austin, TX 9Carnegie Mellon University (Tepper)Pittsburgh, PA 9Emory University (Goizueta)Atlanta, GA 9Indiana University (Kelley)Bloomington, IN 12Georgetown University (McDonough)Washington, DC 12University of Washington (Foster)Seattle, WA 14Ohio State University (Fisher)Columbus, OH 14University of Southern California (Marshall)Los Angeles, CA 14Virginia Tech (Pamplin)Blacksburg, VA 17Georgia Institute of Technology (Scheller)Atlanta, GA 17Rice University (Jones)Houston, TX 17University of Massachusetts - Amherst (Isenberg)Amherst, MA 17University of Texas - DallasRichardson, TX Get accepted to your dream school Looking for more information on how to use these rankings to determine the best MBA programs for you to apply to? Need advice on how to measure your competitiveness relative to other applicants at your target schools? Get in touch our expert advisors are ready to guide your through the business school admissions process from start to finish. View our MBA Application Services for more information on how we can help you get ACCEPTED. ; For 25 years, Accepted has helped business school applicants gain acceptance to top programs. Our outstanding team of MBA admissions consultants features former business school admissions directors and professional writers who have guided our clients to admission at top MBA, EMBA, and other graduate business programs worldwide including Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, Booth, INSEAD, London Business School, and many more.  Want an MBA admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  Best MBA Programs: A Guide to Selecting the Right One, a free guide †¢Ã‚  Top 10 or Bust: Dispelling 2 MBA Myths †¢Ã‚  Harvard, Stanford, Wharton: What’s the Difference?, a short video U.S. News Releases 2020 MBA Rankings Many students apply to grad school believing that another degree will improve their professional options and salaries. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)’s employment forecast published in the summer of 2018, they may be right. The BLS forecast the jobs in master’s-level professions would rise by close to 17% between 2016-2026, and jobs in doctorate-level and professional-level occupations would go up by approximately 13%. If you’re thinking about applying to b-school, using the data in the U.S. News 2020 MBA rankings may be a good place to start your research and get an idea of your competitiveness for your target programs. U.S. News 2020 MBA ranking methodology U.S. News bases its MBA ranking on expert judgements about program excellence and statistical information that attempts to measure the quality of a school’s faculty, research, and students. Peer assessment data was garnered from deans, program directors, and senior faculty. They were requested to evaluate the quality of programs in their field on a scale of 1-5, with 1 being marginal and 5 being outstanding. This year, U.S. News added the GRE analytical writing score into both the full-time and part-time MBA ranking methodologies. Prior to this ranking, only the GRE quantitative and verbal scores were utilized. U.S. News  MBA rankings: Top 20 full-time business schools 2020 RankSchool2019 RankCity, State 1University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)3Philadelphia, PA 2Stanford University4Stanford, CA 3Harvard University1Boston, MA 3Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Sloan)5Cambridge, MA 3University of Chicago (Booth)1Chicago, IL 6Columbia University9New York, NY 6Northwestern University (Kellogg)6Evanston, IL 6University of California - Berkeley (Haas)7Berkeley, CA 9Yale University11New Haven, CT 10Duke University (Fuqua)11Durham, NC 10University of Michigan - Ann Arbor (Ross)7Ann Arbor, MI 12Dartmouth College (Tuck)10Hanover, NH 12New York University (Stern)13New York, NY 12University of Virginia (Darden)13Charlottesville, VA 15Cornell University (Johnson)15Ithaca, NY 16University of California - Los Angeles (Anderson)16Los Angeles, CA 17Carnegie Mellon University (Tepper)17Pittsburgh, PA 17University of Southern California (Marshall)20Los Angeles, CA 19University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill (Kenan-Flagler)19Chapel Hill, NC 19University of Texas - Austin (McCombs)17Austin, TX U.S. News  MBA rankings: Top 20 part-time business schools RankSchoolCity, State 1University of Chicago (Booth)Chicago, IL 2University of California - Berkeley (Haas)Berkeley, CA 3Northwestern University (Kellogg)Evanston, IL 4New York University (Stern)New York, NY 5University of California - Los Angeles (Anderson)Los Angeles, CA 6University of Michigan - Ann Arbor (Ross)Ann Arbor, MI 7University of Minnesota - Twin Cities (Carlson)Minneapolis, MN 8University of Texas - Austin (McCombs)Austin, TX 9Carnegie Mellon University (Tepper)Pittsburgh, PA 9Emory University (Goizueta)Atlanta, GA 9Indiana University (Kelley)Bloomington, IN 12Georgetown University (McDonough)Washington, DC 12University of Washington (Foster)Seattle, WA 14Ohio State University (Fisher)Columbus, OH 14University of Southern California (Marshall)Los Angeles, CA 14Virginia Tech (Pamplin)Blacksburg, VA 17Georgia Institute of Technology (Scheller)Atlanta, GA 17Rice University (Jones)Houston, TX 17University of Massachusetts - Amherst (Isenberg)Amherst, MA 17University of Texas - DallasRichardson, TX Get accepted to your dream school Looking for more information on how to use these rankings to determine the best MBA programs for you to apply to? Need advice on how to measure your competitiveness relative to other applicants at your target schools? Get in touch our expert advisors are ready to guide your through the business school admissions process from start to finish. View our MBA Application Services for more information on how we can help you get ACCEPTED. ; For 25 years, Accepted has helped business school applicants gain acceptance to top programs. Our outstanding team of MBA admissions consultants features former business school admissions directors and professional writers who have guided our clients to admission at top MBA, EMBA, and other graduate business programs worldwide including Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, Booth, INSEAD, London Business School, and many more.  Want an MBA admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  Best MBA Programs: A Guide to Selecting the Right One, a free guide †¢Ã‚  Top 10 or Bust: Dispelling 2 MBA Myths †¢Ã‚  Harvard, Stanford, Wharton: What’s the Difference?, a short video U.S. News Releases 2020 MBA Rankings Many students apply to grad school believing that another degree will improve their professional options and salaries. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)’s employment forecast published in the summer of 2018, they may be right. The BLS forecast the jobs in master’s-level professions would rise by close to 17% between 2016-2026, and jobs in doctorate-level and professional-level occupations would go up by approximately 13%. If you’re thinking about applying to b-school, using the data in the U.S. News 2020 MBA rankings may be a good place to start your research and get an idea of your competitiveness for your target programs. U.S. News 2020 MBA ranking methodology U.S. News bases its MBA ranking on expert judgements about program excellence and statistical information that attempts to measure the quality of a school’s faculty, research, and students. Peer assessment data was garnered from deans, program directors, and senior faculty. They were requested to evaluate the quality of programs in their field on a scale of 1-5, with 1 being marginal and 5 being outstanding. This year, U.S. News added the GRE analytical writing score into both the full-time and part-time MBA ranking methodologies. Prior to this ranking, only the GRE quantitative and verbal scores were utilized. U.S. News  MBA rankings: Top 20 full-time business schools 2020 RankSchool2019 RankCity, State 1University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)3Philadelphia, PA 2Stanford University4Stanford, CA 3Harvard University1Boston, MA 3Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Sloan)5Cambridge, MA 3University of Chicago (Booth)1Chicago, IL 6Columbia University9New York, NY 6Northwestern University (Kellogg)6Evanston, IL 6University of California - Berkeley (Haas)7Berkeley, CA 9Yale University11New Haven, CT 10Duke University (Fuqua)11Durham, NC 10University of Michigan - Ann Arbor (Ross)7Ann Arbor, MI 12Dartmouth College (Tuck)10Hanover, NH 12New York University (Stern)13New York, NY 12University of Virginia (Darden)13Charlottesville, VA 15Cornell University (Johnson)15Ithaca, NY 16University of California - Los Angeles (Anderson)16Los Angeles, CA 17Carnegie Mellon University (Tepper)17Pittsburgh, PA 17University of Southern California (Marshall)20Los Angeles, CA 19University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill (Kenan-Flagler)19Chapel Hill, NC 19University of Texas - Austin (McCombs)17Austin, TX U.S. News  MBA rankings: Top 20 part-time business schools RankSchoolCity, State 1University of Chicago (Booth)Chicago, IL 2University of California - Berkeley (Haas)Berkeley, CA 3Northwestern University (Kellogg)Evanston, IL 4New York University (Stern)New York, NY 5University of California - Los Angeles (Anderson)Los Angeles, CA 6University of Michigan - Ann Arbor (Ross)Ann Arbor, MI 7University of Minnesota - Twin Cities (Carlson)Minneapolis, MN 8University of Texas - Austin (McCombs)Austin, TX 9Carnegie Mellon University (Tepper)Pittsburgh, PA 9Emory University (Goizueta)Atlanta, GA 9Indiana University (Kelley)Bloomington, IN 12Georgetown University (McDonough)Washington, DC 12University of Washington (Foster)Seattle, WA 14Ohio State University (Fisher)Columbus, OH 14University of Southern California (Marshall)Los Angeles, CA 14Virginia Tech (Pamplin)Blacksburg, VA 17Georgia Institute of Technology (Scheller)Atlanta, GA 17Rice University (Jones)Houston, TX 17University of Massachusetts - Amherst (Isenberg)Amherst, MA 17University of Texas - DallasRichardson, TX Get accepted to your dream school Looking for more information on how to use these rankings to determine the best MBA programs for you to apply to? Need advice on how to measure your competitiveness relative to other applicants at your target schools? Get in touch our expert advisors are ready to guide your through the business school admissions process from start to finish. View our MBA Application Services for more information on how we can help you get ACCEPTED. ; For 25 years, Accepted has helped business school applicants gain acceptance to top programs. Our outstanding team of MBA admissions consultants features former business school admissions directors and professional writers who have guided our clients to admission at top MBA, EMBA, and other graduate business programs worldwide including Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, Booth, INSEAD, London Business School, and many more.  Want an MBA admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  Best MBA Programs: A Guide to Selecting the Right One, a free guide †¢Ã‚  Top 10 or Bust: Dispelling 2 MBA Myths †¢Ã‚  Harvard, Stanford, Wharton: What’s the Difference?, a short video U.S. News Releases 2020 MBA Rankings Many students apply to grad school believing that another degree will improve their professional options and salaries. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)’s employment forecast published in the summer of 2018, they may be right. The BLS forecast the jobs in master’s-level professions would rise by close to 17% between 2016-2026, and jobs in doctorate-level and professional-level occupations would go up by approximately 13%. If you’re thinking about applying to b-school, using the data in the U.S. News 2020 MBA rankings may be a good place to start your research and get an idea of your competitiveness for your target programs. U.S. News 2020 MBA ranking methodology U.S. News bases its MBA ranking on expert judgements about program excellence and statistical information that attempts to measure the quality of a school’s faculty, research, and students. Peer assessment data was garnered from deans, program directors, and senior faculty. They were requested to evaluate the quality of programs in their field on a scale of 1-5, with 1 being marginal and 5 being outstanding. This year, U.S. News added the GRE analytical writing score into both the full-time and part-time MBA ranking methodologies. Prior to this ranking, only the GRE quantitative and verbal scores were utilized. U.S. News  MBA rankings: Top 20 full-time business schools 2020 RankSchool2019 RankCity, State 1University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)3Philadelphia, PA 2Stanford University4Stanford, CA 3Harvard University1Boston, MA 3Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Sloan)5Cambridge, MA 3University of Chicago (Booth)1Chicago, IL 6Columbia University9New York, NY 6Northwestern University (Kellogg)6Evanston, IL 6University of California - Berkeley (Haas)7Berkeley, CA 9Yale University11New Haven, CT 10Duke University (Fuqua)11Durham, NC 10University of Michigan - Ann Arbor (Ross)7Ann Arbor, MI 12Dartmouth College (Tuck)10Hanover, NH 12New York University (Stern)13New York, NY 12University of Virginia (Darden)13Charlottesville, VA 15Cornell University (Johnson)15Ithaca, NY 16University of California - Los Angeles (Anderson)16Los Angeles, CA 17Carnegie Mellon University (Tepper)17Pittsburgh, PA 17University of Southern California (Marshall)20Los Angeles, CA 19University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill (Kenan-Flagler)19Chapel Hill, NC 19University of Texas - Austin (McCombs)17Austin, TX U.S. News  MBA rankings: Top 20 part-time business schools RankSchoolCity, State 1University of Chicago (Booth)Chicago, IL 2University of California - Berkeley (Haas)Berkeley, CA 3Northwestern University (Kellogg)Evanston, IL 4New York University (Stern)New York, NY 5University of California - Los Angeles (Anderson)Los Angeles, CA 6University of Michigan - Ann Arbor (Ross)Ann Arbor, MI 7University of Minnesota - Twin Cities (Carlson)Minneapolis, MN 8University of Texas - Austin (McCombs)Austin, TX 9Carnegie Mellon University (Tepper)Pittsburgh, PA 9Emory University (Goizueta)Atlanta, GA 9Indiana University (Kelley)Bloomington, IN 12Georgetown University (McDonough)Washington, DC 12University of Washington (Foster)Seattle, WA 14Ohio State University (Fisher)Columbus, OH 14University of Southern California (Marshall)Los Angeles, CA 14Virginia Tech (Pamplin)Blacksburg, VA 17Georgia Institute of Technology (Scheller)Atlanta, GA 17Rice University (Jones)Houston, TX 17University of Massachusetts - Amherst (Isenberg)Amherst, MA 17University of Texas - DallasRichardson, TX Get accepted to your dream school Looking for more information on how to use these rankings to determine the best MBA programs for you to apply to? Need advice on how to measure your competitiveness relative to other applicants at your target schools? Get in touch our expert advisors are ready to guide your through the business school admissions process from start to finish. View our MBA Application Services for more information on how we can help you get ACCEPTED. ; For 25 years, Accepted has helped business school applicants gain acceptance to top programs. Our outstanding team of MBA admissions consultants features former business school admissions directors and professional writers who have guided our clients to admission at top MBA, EMBA, and other graduate business programs worldwide including Harvard, Stanford, Wharton, Booth, INSEAD, London Business School, and many more.  Want an MBA admissions expert  to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  Best MBA Programs: A Guide to Selecting the Right One, a free guide †¢Ã‚  Top 10 or Bust: Dispelling 2 MBA Myths †¢Ã‚  Harvard, Stanford, Wharton: What’s the Difference?, a short video

Establishment of Reservations, Battle of Little Big Horn - 825 Words

Establishment of Reservations, Battle of the Little Big Horn, Dawes Act (Research Paper Sample) Content: HistoryStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s name:Professorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s name:Course number:Date:When the immigrants first came to America, they thought that they were going to meet new virgin lands and develop their settlements in the area. They were however met with Native Americans who settled there. The Indians had their own way of lifestyle, their own established means of life. Thesepeoplehad their own culture, worshipped their own gods and had their own interactions and own medical practices. However, the immigrants deemed these practices and way of life as inferior and tried to impose their own ways of life to these native Indians.The immigrant settlers embarked on making these lands their own territory and they therefore had to assimilate these Indians into their own culture. However, that was not going to be an easy task since the Indians were reluctant to practice the white manà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s traditions and way of life. They therefore embarked on making treaties with these Indian s where they violated most the terms of the treaties they agreed and signed upon. The whites were really desperate to get all of the land and was therefore determined to push the Indians to the cliff so as to attain all these acres of land.The Indians were pushed westwards through signing of treaties which as we have seen, were not honored by the white settlers. They were also pushed westwards through military conquests. The White settlers had superior weapons compared to the Native Americans. They simply had no choice but to push westward to wherever the whites were taking them to. They were taken to reservation settlements whereby they exercised less freedom of self-government CITATION And09 \l 1033 (Boxer, 2009). The reservations were defined as domestic independent nations. This meant that the Natives were unlike any other group of minorities andthat they had self-governance. However, the whites were thinking of ways to assimilate the natives into their own culture. For example , introducing Christianity to these people, clothes and other manners of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"civilizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ according to the whites (Boxer, 2009).The Battle of the Little Bighorn was fought in 1876 near the LittleBighorn River in Montana. The reason for the battle was because the Indians refused to vacate to the reservations and they settled in their rightful lands. The Whites wanted the land because it was rich in gold reserves. The Indians wanted the land because it was rightfully theirs and the white settlers had no right to take it from them. When the deadline finally arrived for the Indians to go to the reservations, the white settlers dispatched the U.S. Army to go deal with the situation. However, the commander, Custer, never had any idea of the number of Indians who were ready to fight for their lands. The United States Army dishonored the treaty that they had with the Indians and went to forcefully evacuate the Indians. This forced the Indians from other reservations to come join forces against the United States army and thus became numerous in numbers. Custer was heavily defeated and had to turn back from the fight. The battle became known as the Custerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Last Stand. However, the perception that white settlers had regarding the Indians increased as they saw them as blood-thirsty killers(Boxer, 2009).The Wounded Knee of 1890 was a spiritual movement among the Indians. This was after the war and all the remaining Indians taken to reservations. There was an Indian priest or holy man who got a sign from his creator that the white settlers would one day leave them alone and they would go back to their lands. The holy man, Wovoka, knew that by 1891, all that he had seen would come to pass and they practiced a dance. The American soldiers referred to the dance as the ghost dance and the dance spread. However, the white settlers thought that the movement would spark some form of rebellion among the Indians and therefore lead to a possible fight . This was despite the fact that the holy man, Wovoka promoted non-violent ways of settling disputes. They then demanded that the dance be stopped but the Indians would hear none of it. The United States army was then called to contain the situation and the Indians agreed to go to the reservations and the Wounded Knee creek. However, when the two d=sided met, there was miscommunication amongst the Indians and a shot was fired from the Indians side. Fighting ensued and many Indians died because of freezing and others from the gunshot wounds.The white settlers attempted to assimilate the Indians into their culture away from their inferior ways of life. After the civil war, the reformists tried to assimilate the Indians to go to school. They argued that with proper education and care, these Indians would be as good as the other citizens. However, so as to achieve that, they had to take the Indian children to schools far away from their families. This was so as to eliminate the traditio nal mindset of the Indian people. The first boarding school built was the Carlisle Indian School in Pennsylvania. The school was formed so as to transform these Indians to be proper members of the society as the whites would term it (J., 1998).The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 was aimed at appreciating the Indians for their gracious acts for taking part in the World War I. the act stated that the United States government shou...

Americans Spend Over 100 Hours a Year Commuting

At a nationwide average one-way drive-time of about 25.5 minutes, Americans spend more than 100 hours a year commuting to work, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Yes, thats more than the average two weeks of vacation time (80 hours) taken by many workers during a year. This number has increased by over a minute in 10 years. â€Å"This annual information on commuters and their work trips and other transportation-related data will help local, regional and state agencies maintain, improve, plan and develop the nation’s transportation systems,† said Census Bureau Director Louis Kincannon in a press release. â€Å"American Community Survey data will provide valuable assistance to agencies offering housing, education and other public services as well.† Data has been released through 2013. Compare this with the federal governments estimate of computing the hourly rate based on working 2,080 hours per year. Spending 100 hours commuting adds a significant amount of unpaid time to the work day of the American worker. Map of Commute Times You can find the average commute time for most communities in the U.S. with a map based on the U.S. Census Bureau data provided by WNYC. The color-coded map shades commute times from white for zero minutes to deep purple for more than an hour. If you are deciding on where to move, the map can give you interesting information on your commute times. The data released for 2013 showed that only 4.3 percent of workers had no commute because they worked from home. Meanwhile, 8.1 percent had commutes of 60 minutes or more. A quarter of commuters cross county lines going to and from work. Maryland and New York have the highest average commute times while North Dakota and South Dakota have the lowest. Megacommutes Almost 600,000 American workers have megacommutes of at least 90 minutes and 50 miles. They are more likely to carpool than those with shorter commutes, but that number is still only 39.9 percent. Carpooling in general has declined since the year 2000. However, not all of them are driving as 11.8 percent take rail and 11.2 percent take other forms of public transportation. Long commutes are highest for those in the state of New York at 16.2 percent, Maryland (14.8 percent), and New Jersey (14.6 percent). Three-quarters of megacommuters are male and they are more likely to be older, married, make a higher income, and have a spouse who doesnt work. They often depart for work before 6 a.m. Alternate Commutes Those who take public transit, walk, or bike to work still make up a small part of the total. That overall number hasnt changed much since 2000, although the segments of it have. There has been a slight increase in those who take public transit, with 5.2 percent in 2013 compared with 4.7 percent in 2000. There was a dip in those who walk to work by one-tenth of a percent and growth in those who bike by two-tenths of a percent. But those numbers are still small at 2.8 percent walking to work and 0.6 percent biking to work. Sources: Megacommuters. U.S. Census Bureau Release Number: CB13-41. U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2013.

1984 By George Orwell Should Not Be Banned - 1928 Words

During Joseph Stalin’s regime of the Soviet Union, 1984, the Classic Dystopian novel by George Orwell, was burned and banned, because the book shone a negative light on communism. The book, 1984, follows the life of Winston Smith, who lives in a country called Oceania. Oceania is a totalitarian society, ruled by a government known as The Party, whose leader is called Big Brother. In Oceania, every movement and sound every person makes is constantly surveillanced, and one wrong facial expression, statement, or action can cause the ‘Thought Police’ to take the person away to never be seen again. A small percentage of the population questions The Party’s dictatorship, and the novel follows Winston’s struggles to keep his hatred of The Party†¦show more content†¦As a result, the book shows the discomfort one feels when living in a totalitarian society, and therefore teaches readers against totalitarianism. In addition, according to literature.st ackexchange.com, â€Å"The reality is that, from the perspective of a pro-government stance, 1984 promotes the idea that the government shouldn’t be involved in your private lives, and that it’s a quick step from government monitoring to government abuse and overreach.† In other words, the quote states that 1984 teaches that government should stay out of your private life, and thus should not be a totalitarian government, which dictates a citizens every move. As a result, 1984 speaks out against absolute government control. Many believe that a book that teaches against a certain government system indoctrinates children, and imposes a viewpoint upon children, whom which have impressionable minds. However, teaching against totalitarianism and government control is merely teaching against a government system that violates the American way, whose core is the liberty and freedom that totalitarianism lacks. By banning 1984, the school would be banning a books that goe s against a concept that transgresses America’s core values. Does Sowell High want to ban a book that actually goes against an un-American policy? With everything analyzed, a reason for not banning 1984 is the book’s teachings of the dangers ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on 1984: A Prophesy for the Future?1049 Words   |  5 PagesThe novel 1984 is a story about a future civilization that is ruled by a totalitarian government. When the book was published in 1949 the thoughts and ideas seemed to be a prophesy for the future. A totalitarian government is one of the strictest forms of government with the least amount of freedom for the people. A totalitarian government is a mix of the military, individual leadership and the national political party. Usually the leader is a person who has a kind of charisma that makes his authorityRead MoreTotalitarianism In 1984 By George Orwell1387 Words   |  6 PagesThe world that George Orwell lived in was a dramatically different yet very similar to the one we find ourselves in today. Orwell saw a world undergoing dramatic changes, and in his eyes many of them were not for the better. Changes to the way people thought are what enabled the trends towards totalitarianism that Orwell feared most. As of Orwell’s time, these psychological processes were unnamed and not fully explained, so Orwell took it upon himself to do so. Conceiving of the phrases, NEWSPEAKRead MoreGeorge Orwells 19841973 Words   |  8 PagesAndre Diggs English 4 Quarter 4 Assignment Period 5-8 May 5, 2013 George Orwell 1984 In George Orwell s novel 1984, there were many issues in the government, sex /marriage and privacy that shows an uncanny resemblance to the world we live in today. I found many comparisons in the government, in Orwell s novel he wrote that the slogan of the party was â€Å"WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH†; this slogan is contradictory to everything that we are trying to escape. It isRead MoreBrave New World By Aldous Huxley919 Words   |  4 Pagesliterature) at a young age. In Brave New World, â€Å"People are happy...they never want what they can’t get...they’re blissfully ignorant of passion...they’re so conditioned that they practically can’t help behaving as they ought to behave...and if anything should go wrong, there’s soma.† (pg 220). This quotation from the book here demonstrates what happiness over individual freedom looks like in the general population. The technology in the brave new world is more a dvanced than ever seen as it prevents agingRead MoreUtopia Vs Dystopian Society1473 Words   |  6 Pageswill always be that one person that disagrees with the balance of the community or decision which ends up being the transformation into dystopian territory. In the book 1984 George Orwell creates a failed attempt at a utopian society. While the Amish can be seen as a strict dystopian society that one was made to be a utopia. 1984 illustrates a society where they have a figure head, Big Brother, and many citizens under strict control of their beliefs; similarly, the Amish look up to one god and followRead MoreFreedom Of Speech And Assembly1366 Words   |  6 Pagesmilitary-grade equipment† against the protesters (Voorhees). Tanks, rubber bullets, and tear gas were all used in Ferguson in an attempt to silence the demonstration. The use of tear gas to control the crowd was especially disturbing, as â€Å"its use is banned by international law† (Lithwick). This grim t rend of police brutality demonstrates an incredible violation of citizens’ abilities to peacefully gather and speak out without retaliation. The fact that the government has done almost nothing to preventRead MoreEssay about Analysis of 1984 in Reference to Censorship1898 Words   |  8 Pagesform as a means of suppressing whatever or whoever was perceived as a possible threat. George Bernard Shaw once said, â€Å"Assassination is the extreme form of censorship.† A common practice in the book is the â€Å"vaporization† of citizens. According to the Newspeak Dictionary this was when The Party would completely wipe out any trace of the citizen and either kill them or send them to a forced labor camps. 1984 was written as a satire targeting the rise of Communism in Russia by portraying a worldRead MoreControl Of Senses And Its Fallacy1510 Words   |  7 Pagesrelated to the mind, says George Berkeley through his book, Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous. In everyday life cases, this seems to be the truth. Everything we perceive is immediately directed to our sensory details and then processed through our minds. If so, it is fair to say that if there is a force that can restrain and control the sensory functions of the human race, that force will be able to control the humans to achieve anything. In George Orwell’s 1984, the control of human sensibleRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511410 Words   |  6 PagesIn addition, dialogue in the novel is far too formal, pulling readers out of the story rather than bringing them in. George Orwell, author of 1984 and, like Bradbury, popular in the 1950s, might agree. In his 1946 essay, â€Å"Politics and the English Lang uage,† seven years before the release of Fahrenheit 451, he highlights his five most important tools for effective writing. Orwell urges readers to â€Å"never use a metaphor, simile, or other figure of speech which you are used to seeing in print. NeverRead MoreGeorge Orwell’s 1984 and the Internet Essay1965 Words   |  8 Pagesname web. At first thought, this may not seem bad, but this information is permanent and powerful. In George Orwell’s novel, 1984, he clearly portrays a negative reputation to this supreme power. Even in the Orwellian society, the documentation of information is highly maintained: It was another copy of the photograph . . . which he had chanced upon eleven years ago and promptly destroyed (Orwell 246-247). When someone deletes an email or document, does it truly go away? The fact that the document

Apple Financial Analysis - 2661 Words

FIN 305: Business Finance Spring 2016 Midterm Paper: Financial Analysis on Apple EXPECTATIONS amp; EVALUATIONS The objective of this paper is to thoroughly analyze Apple’s financial history and status for the last five years (2003 – 2007). Other important topics will be discussed which include: the company’s background, its assets, bonds, stocks, etc. To support the analysis, different relevant ratios will be calculated for Apple Inc in order to estimate the company’s current status, and also to compare Apple Inc. to the computer industry and one of its major competitors – Dell. The financial analysis of Apple is based on evaluating company and industry data from various sources. A trend analysis was performed using data for†¦show more content†¦Slower sales (both for Apple and the industry as a whole), combined with a misunderstanding of the consumer market resulted in the first unprofitable quarter in three years. One factor in this decline was the G4 Cube, which sold poorly due primarily to its high price compared to Apples other products. Another factor was Apples decision to include DVD-ROM drives in their consumer and professional machines instead of CD-RW drives. As a result, Apple missed sales opportunities to customers who wanted to burn their own CDs. Apples financial troubles continued throughout 2002. In October, it announced a quarterly loss of $45 million, due to weak PowerBook and PowerMac sales. In 2003, however, Apple began to recover, and to build for the future. Meanwhile, the iPod was beginning to take off. In April of 2003, Apple unveiled the iTunes Music Store, which would sell individual songs through the iTunes application, for 99 cents each. These songs could be played only on Macs or iPods, but Apple felt that by offering an easy to use, no-nonsense music service, it could make significant inroads to the digital music market. Apple did their homework: when announced, the iTunes Music Store already had the backing of the five major record labels, and a catalog of more than 200,000 songs. In October 2003, Apple released iTunes for Windows. In the first year alone, the iTunesShow MoreRelatedFinancial Analysis of Apple Inc.795 Words   |  4 PagesFinancial Analysis (Submitted by) Abstract The following paper aims at discussing the financial position of the American multinational corporation, Apple inc., which designs and markets consumer electronics, computers and personal computers mobile communication devices, and portable digital music and video players, as well as sells various related software, services, peripherals, and networking solutions. Apple Inc. together with subsidiaries sells its products worldwide through its onlineRead MoreFinancial Analysis of Apple, Inc.2114 Words   |  9 PagesCompany Background Apple, Inc. (formerly known as Apple Computer, Inc.) was incorporated in the State of California in 1977. Apple currently designs, manufactures, and markets a variety of computer and personal electronic products, including Macintosh computers, and the iPod digital music player. AppleÕs key markets are consumers, creative professionals, educational institutions, and business users. For nearly twenty years, Apple computers have been the industry standard for creative industriesRead MoreApple Financial Analysis 11911 Words   |  8 Pagesfollowing paper is a Financial Analysis of Apple, Inc. The paper is an unorthodox Financial Analysis of Apple, but will cover all the key aspects of a Financial Analysis - albeit in a different way. The first section of the Financial Analysis will have preconceived notions of Apple (what an individual thinks of Apple, without the facts in his hand - in this case the Financial Analyst of this paper), the Financial Analysis - which includes stock performance, various financial ratios, dividend payoutRead MoreApple Dell Financial Analysis4034 Words   |  17 PagesAPPLE amp; DELL Financial Analysis Project INTRODUCTION Dell and Apple are American companies that participate in the industry of Electronic Computers, according to the SIC 3571. This industry is oriented to the manufacture of diverse kind of data processing systems. In 2001, the largest computer makers in the United States were Dell, Compaq, Hewlett-Packard and IBM. They produced about 40 percent of personal computers shipments in the world according to International Data Corporation (IDC)Read MoreMicrosoft And Apple Inc. 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The first part of the paper contains a brief history of Apple and the position of the organization in the market of computers. The second part is a calculation of Apple s performance and the reasons for their success. Finally, a conclusionRead MoreEssa y on Apple Incorporated: Financial Analysis3684 Words   |  15 PagesWRITING ASSIGNMENT: FINANCIAL ANALYSIS FIN 534 – Financial Management Student Name Instructor Name Abstract The focus of this analysis is to perform a thorough examination of Apple, Inc.’s financial performance over the past three years and its growing success since being founded in 1976. Apple’s main focus is on design, manufacturing and marketing of personal computers, peripherals, computer related software, digital music player and related accessories, and is maintained by. The portfolioRead MoreFinancial Analysis Of Apple, Inc. Essay1861 Words   |  8 PagesCompany Background Apple, Inc. 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This is due to the fact tat when companies finances are poorly managed then definitely the whole company is likely to be in trouble or evenRead MoreApple Financial Analysis Essay example10900 Words   |  44 PagesFinancial Analysis Project APPLE INC. Rev 1.1 A Financial Analysis Project By Josie Chavez Submitted to Kendra Huff, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Accounting and Finance College of Business Administration Texas Aamp;M University-Kingsville BUSINESS FINANCE 3338 Spring 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES iii LIST OF FIGURES v 1. CORPORATE OVERVIEW 1 1.1 Overview of Industry 1 1.2 Overview of Corporation 2 1.2.1 Product/Service Description 4 1.2

Reality and Illusion - 1812 Words

Postmodern literature draws attention to its status as fictional to break down barriers between reality and illusion. The boundaries between ‘real’ and ‘fake’ are no longer clear, because identity is socially constructed. In White Noise and Nights at the Circus, characters such as Sophie Fevvers and Jack Gladney have fabricated personas, and they exaggerate these roles so that their audiences cannot tell the difference between what the characters perform and their ‘true’ nature. There are many Matryoshka principles in Nights at the Circus, adding many layers of fiction to the story. This emphasizes the constructed identities of the characters by the authors and the characters themselves. This essay will examine how performance, mise-en-abyme, fabulation, and hyperreality all indicate how identity is constructed. In Nights at the Circus and White Noise, the audience is not supposed to be able to tell whether the characters are performing a certai n role. Instead, they tend to step into a role, as if this is their ‘true’ nature, but they know what is adorned. In Nights at the Circus, when Walser meets Fevvers, he runs through diverse processes of belief and disbelief as he talks to and observes her. When he is watching her on the trapeze, he starts as quite rational, he â€Å"whimsically reasoned† with her status as a winged woman and analyzes her anatomy in a scientific manner comparable to Darwinism â€Å"by all the laws of evolution and human reason† . He represents the typical,Show MoreRelatedReality and Illusion4098 Words   |  17 PagesReality versus Illusion Texts: Life of Pi King Lear Heavenly Creatures Blade Runner Pans Labyrinth Research Questions: 1. How does each character’s situation influence their perception or ideas of reality versus illusion? 2. What are the similarities and differences between the main character’s situation in each text? 3. What insights relating to reality and illusion can be gained from each text? 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Reality is not nearly as tangible as most have come to believe; r ather, it is a fabrication that exists solely within any one person’s mind. What is labeled as reality is merely an interpretation of data that already surrounds us and is taken in by sensory receptors. The brain and body takeRead More Illusions of Reality Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pages The Illusions of Reality The only thing in my life that I can be positive about is change. Everything changes, from the moment we’re born to the moment we die. Reality has many twist and turns, and our perception of reality is what shapes us to become who we are. Our life is spent on deciphering the difference between reality and not reality. This is hard to define because reality is unique to each individual. Our environment and the people we are around shape our perception of what is real. 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Leadership Challenges of James Riadyâ€Free Samples For Students

Question: What Is the Leadership Challenges of James Riady? Answer: Introduction Several forces challenge leadership at the different stages in life; however, true leaders find their way out of those crisis. On a same note, this assignment is about a leader Mr. James Riady who is the chairperson of the Lippo Group in Indonesia. The main purpose of this assignment is to evaluate the leadership quality in Mr. Riady based on some leadership qualities such as Moral and Transformational leadership. Leadership can be referred to a collection of several characteristics, which uplifts the standard of a person by enhancing the moral values and the distributing the highly beneficial characteristics for the society (Chemers, 2014). In the given case study, James Riady is an example of such leaders, which is the composure of several characteristics, which has influenced the society and the country as well. Mr. Riady is the chairperson of the Lippo Group of Indonesia who is handling the operations in the Indonesia and outside of the country. The Lippo Group is involved in several business domains such as financial services, retail operations, real estate business etc. Mr. Riady is a part of a highly successful group. Nevertheless, Mr. Riady has highly contributed in the success of the group. Despite of all the factual things, the leader has been criticised for some of his works (Ciulla, 2014). The biggest criticism, which the leader has attracted, did happen in the year 2001. Mr. Riady was accused of being involved in some kinds of political trauma when the leader was jointly blamed for defrauding the United States of America. The leader was accused for giving supports to the Bill Clinton and other democrats. The political trauma did attract a highly elevated penalty of $8.6 million. This was by far the biggest fine, which the political trauma did attract in the history of the United States. Mr. Riady was highly criticised for involving into such trauma, which then eventually made the leader realize that the political trauma and the business can never mix (Daft, 2014). The leadership of Mr. Riady is a collection of several characteristics such as dynamic, transformational, situational. However, the characteristics of Mr. Riady are missing on the morality. The characteristic of the leader is highly immoral, which is obvious in its involvement in such a big scandal. However, Mr. Riady is highly absorber and the learner of situation. This is very much reflected in his decision to rectify his practices and to become a good leader. The transformation from a leader to an immoral leader and then again transforming back into an ideal leader simply tells the journey of a transformational leader. The leadership style of Mr. Riady is full of characteristics such as dynamism, absorbance, transforming and situational. Despite of all the criticism, which has continued surrounding the life of the leader, Mr. Riady is still respected widely as a powerful leader, which contributed highly in the elevating economy of Indonesia (Hackman Johnson, 2013). Mr. Riady is highly acclaimed leader for its high standard works, which also fetched enormous recognition to the Lippo Group. The highly engaging nature of the Mr. Riady has brought in much success not only to the Lippo Group but also to the economy of Indonesia. The very after moment of the political trauma, which had attracted bulk criticism to the leader, Mr. Riady recognized the fundamentals of leadership. This was the one reason at that moment, which influenced Mr. Riady most and encouraged him for a change (Hargreaves Fink, 2012). Nevertheless, Mr. Riady had identified that the real character of a leader is in the admiration from all corner of the world. The real character of a leader compels him or her for the social wellbeing apart from doing business also. The major resource behind the power and the influencing character of Mr. Riady is its sheer leadership style, which is born in him by virtue of the genetic factors (Nahavandi, 2016). The leadership quality is inherited in Mr. Riady from his father Mochtar Riady. This was his institutional thoughts, which encouraged Mr. Riady for an ideal leadership characteristic. Nevertheless, the derived quality of leadership in him helped Mr. Riady realize the moral values of the leadership. This is because of the fact that Mr. Riady did try to change his entire thinking and transforming into the moral characteristics of a leader. This is why Mr. Riady did concentrate then highly on the social wellbeing. The outstanding leadership style is reflected in its astonishing efforts, which reflected in the rapid growth of the Lippo Group (Northouse, 2012). The company has a reputation to possess the highest level of moral values, which also encouraged Mr. Riady for a less profitable business and a highly socially oriented thinking. The company is engaged in several educational campaigns in and outside of Indonesia. Nevertheless, the highly effective critics of Mr. Riady did also throw a collection of acclamation from the critics. The critics had criticised the moral values of Mr. Riady in the past but now they are dropping the heap of praises for the leader. The social wellbeing is very much obvious in the operational style of Mr. Riady (Tannenbaum, Weschler Massarik, 2013). James Riady is widely a transformational leader, which has the power and the influence behind him, which encourages Mr. Riady for the transformation into a moral character (Northouse, 2012). The involvement of the leader in the political trauma that did happen with the help of Mr. Clinton and other democrats is a weird example of an immoral leadership. However, the power and the influence of his ancestors and his father who is the CEO of the company behind him have collectively helped Mr. Riady overcome of the immoral characteristic. Some of the examples of his transformed characteristics do very well support the point that the leadership style of Mr. Riady is more of Transformational. The political trauma, which attracted the highest ever penalty in the political history of the United States could have destroyed the morality of James Riady. However, despite of losing confidence, Mr. Riady restored himself for the transformation into such a leadership style, which could be admired an d acknowledged universally (Nahavandi, 2016). However, Mr. Riady has to struggle hard to maintain its reputation. Despite of enormous social welfare and the industrial success, James Riady has witnessed several criticisms for his leadership style. James Riady is well known for an energetic and dynamic kind of leader, which never hesitated of going for some experiments (Chemers, 2014). This is not at all a small kind of change that a leader can opt. A small change is quite possible but an entire transformation of the leadership style is very much different. This is indeed very difficult to change the entire personality. The change did happen only after the political trauma. Examples of such leaders who have transformed them entirely into some socially identified leadership is very rare. This is because of such reason only that Mr. Riady is more a transformational leader. The one who once was involved in the political trauma in the US, he eventually transformed its characteristics int o more sophisticated and socially accepted character. The highly successful business of the company and the equally good works for the social causes has elevated the leadership quality of James Riady. The critics have also praised the social wellbeing of the leadership style of James Riady. A continual focus on the education in and abroad the countries have attracted a heap of appreciation for the Lippo Group (Northouse, 2012). The Lippo Group is highly successful company in Indonesia. The Group is highly known for social works. Conclusion Mr. James Riady was initially less in moral characteristics as it is evident in the political scandal in America. The political scandal thus attracted the highest ever penalty in the history of the politics of the America. The particular scandal was an immoral leadership; however, soon after the incident, James Riady realized that politics and business are both the different things. Mr. Riady changed himself to become a good leader. The change in leadership did bring some highly acclaimed social works such as enhancement of education, supporting major educational events and becoming a less profit oriented and highly socially inclined towards different activities. Despite of all the good works, which James Riady did bring after its reincarnation, he was every time criticised for some other works. Nevertheless, James Riady is a successful businessperson and a leader, which has helped improve the economy of Indonesia. Despite of all the criticism, the leadership style of James Riady is highly acclaimed across the globe. References Chemers, M. (2014).An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Ciulla, J. B. (Ed.). (2014).Ethics, the heart of leadership. ABC-CLIO. Daft, R. L. (2014).The leadership experience. Cengage Learning. Hackman, M. Z., Johnson, C. E. (2013).Leadership: A communication perspective. Waveland Press. Hargreaves, A., Fink, D. (2012).Sustainable leadership(Vol. 6). John Wiley Sons. Nahavandi, A. (2016).The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. Pearson. Northouse, P. G. (2012).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage. Tannenbaum, R., Weschler, I., Massarik, F. (2013).Leadership and organization. Routledge.

Human Resource Management Expantion of Organization

Question: Describe about the Human Resource Management for Expantion of Organization. Answer: Introduction: Cappuccino, a very reputed coffee shop located at UAE and in other parts of the world, has recently decided to expand itself in two new foreign locations- USA and Australia. The major reason behind this decision, has been the realization that the organization has been able to conduct successful business at UAE, and became popular within a span of 5 years. Hence, further international expansion of the organization will help the organization achieve greater brand awareness, apart from helping it to enhance its revenue (Bradley et al. 2012). The organization established in the year of 1970, conducted successful trade in UAE, until it expanded in other parts of the world as well, such as Russia, China, Japan, India and Brazil. However, at present, the organization thought that it would be discreet to focus its trade on a few limited regions, and it was being found out that America and Australia are becoming great startup hubs of business stores. However, it is important to remember that as a result of the sudden restructuring method, the organization may encounter unforeseen challenges in foreign locations, in the form of ethical or cultural or CSR issues, and hence it is important to consider and analyze these issuesbefore undertaking the process of global expansion (Wilkinson 2013). Discussion: Cappuccino is desirous to expand itself in Australia, because the country offers a number of grants for the purpose of start up business, and as a country full of tourist site locations, the prospect of a coffee shop is great. Beside, since Cappuccino is a reputed organization all over the world, it can easily gain huge recognition among the tourists all around the world visiting Australia, as well as the ordinary consumers of the country. Besides, Cappuccino has chosen to expand in USA as well, primarily because the country offers great business opportunities to any foreign organization, and also because the Americans consume coffee in great amount, and hence a coffee shop can gain instant popularity with the American consumers. The organization, in case of both the countries has decided that the working staffs should neither be totally native nor should be completely foreign. While conducting business outside, the organization will have to remember that cultural clash or community clash may emerge if the consumers are unable to avail the assistance of the working staffs that belong to their own country, or ethnic group (Feraro and Broody 2015). As a result of the diverse culture of Australia, Cappuccino will hire a diverse workforce in Australia, while in USA, the organization will hire fresh US citizens, to assume the responsibility of coffee shop employees. The organization will enter into a joint venture agreement with a popular coffee shop organization of each of the countries (Lee and Griffith 2012). Cultural Issues of Conducting Business in Australia and America The cultural consideration, while conducting business in a foreign location is of utmost importance, and hence Cappuccino has to ensure that the organization, while conducting business in foreign locations does not encounter any sort of cultural conflict among the employees or the consumers (Moran et al. 2014). There is no gain stating the fact that USA has a highly distinct and unique culture, and it is absolutely different from the corporate culture of UAE or any other part of the world. Cappuccino is a UAE based organization, and as such coming from the homogenous culture, the employees or the managers of the organization must be mindful of the multicultural influence of the country. Cappuccino as a UAE based organization, conducting trade mostly in the Asian countries, relies more on a hierarchical and collectivist way of conducting business. However, in USA, while entering into joint venture agreement with a partner firm, Cappuccino has to ensure that the business activities are being carried out in an autonomous and independent way (Greenwood 2002). The US culture has a low context culture, and as such the managers and the Directors of Cappuccino must hold regular meetings and interactive sessions with the managers of the partner firm, so as to enable the easy, smooth exchange of info rmation facts as well as opinions. The US culture does not call for the need of a formal approach to businessand hence cracking a joke, calling by first names are highly acceptable in USA (Knox and Marston 2013). On the other hand, unlike the US culture, the Australian work culture is more formal and rigid. While conducting business in Australia, it is important to be punctual and straightforward, and since the Australians are more formal in their ways of communication, it is important to maintain the courtesy while conducting official meetings. The Australians always welcome innovative ideas, and hence it is important to keep on introducing fresh, innovative, novel ideas in the business (Fry et al. 2013). Ethical Issue to be Faced in Australia and America Cappuccino must ensure that it does not conduct business in an unethical and immoral way in a foreign location. The organization after setting up its stores in Australia or USA, should not hire cheaper labor force from foreign locations, instead of hiring the native workers of Australia or America. Again, in both USA as well as Australia, the entire population consists of people belonging to diverse ethnic cultures and tribes, and hence hiring an all-inclusive, diverse workforce, is highly important (Burchil et al. 2013). Further, the organization must make sure that it does not in any way harm the environment or ecological sustainability of the local region of the respective country. The Australian government, in fact, has legislated business ethics, by making it mandatory that an organization will be required to preserve the environment as well as ecological balance of the country (Nye and Welch 2016). CSR Issues to be Faced in Australia and America Recent research has shown that countries and cultures differ in their understanding as well as the adoption of the Corporate Social Responsibility acts. While undertaking the CSR activities in USA, it should be remembered that unlike the Asian or Middle West countries, in USA, the US firms are not expected to focus too much on prevention of illiteracy or gender discrimination programs, yet on the issues related to the well-being of the community (Bair et al. 2015). Here, the organization Cappuccino must instigate social involvement by forming partnership with NGOs, and thereby trying to improve the education of the poor children, or the standard of life of the impoverished people of the nation. However, unlike UAE, or China, Japan or Russia, at USA, as a US company, the organization is required to report the details of its CSR activities (Idowu et al. 2013). The issue of CSR is highly important in Australia as well. The Australian government makes it mandatory that the organizations must consider the social and environmental factors while conducting business in Australia. As it is already known, that the CSR activities of the organization help in improving the financial performance of an organization, and is highly critical in sustaining the business of the organization (Crane et al. 20130. While expanding in other parts of the world, Cappuccino must ensure that it engages in CSR activities, as it helps not only in motivating the employees and other stakeholders, such as the consumers, but it also helps in developing and improving the brand image of the organization, However, it should be remembered that the organization chooses the most effective CSR activities. Australia suffers from a high rate of unemployment, and hence it would be highly advisable for Cappuccino to hire a large number of Australian employees for the coffee shop, as it would help in eliminating the problem of poverty and unemployment from Australia. Apart from the job creation strategy, Cappuccino must also invest for creating a diverse workforce, as diversity of various ethnic cultural groups plays an important role in Australia (Gond et al. 2011). Organizations, such as Woolworths have gained much reputation in the Australian market by employing a diverse workforce. The organization must form an alliance with a Non-Government Organization, and should support educational programs. In case of both the organizations, CSR plays an important role, and hence Cappuccino must try to incorporate the CSR strategies in its vision and mission of the organization (Shen 2011). Conclusion: The organization can flourish and can achieve great brand recognition in the foreign locations. However, the managing authority of Cappuccino should note that while going global, the organization must pay sufficient heed that may arise out of the cultural conflict or difference in ethics of the host country and the foreign country. Hence, it is highly recommended that the organization analyzes and critically evaluates the issues that may impede the growth of the organization in the foreign market. To conclude, it must be noted that the organization has a huge prospect in overseas market. However, there are cultural differences among the countries and hence it is important to train the workers accordingly to suit the culture of the country they are working for. In addition, Cappuccino must also adopt the most appropriate and effective CSR strategy in the respective countries. Reference List: Bair, J. and Palpacuer, F., 2015. CSR beyond the corporation: contested governance in global value chains.Global Networks,15(s1), pp.S1-S19. Bradley, B.A., Blumenthal, D.M., Early, R., Grosholz, E.D., Lawler, J.J., Miller, L.P., Sorte, C.J., D'Antonio, C.M., Diez, J.M., Dukes, J.S. and Ibanez, I., 2012. Global change, global trade, and the next wave of plant invasions.Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,10(1), pp.20-28. Burchill, S., Linklater, A., Devetak, R., Donnelly, J., Nardin, T., Paterson, M., Reus-Smit, C. and True, J., 2013.Theories of international relations. Palgrave Macmillan. Crane, A., Matten, D. and Spence, L.J., 2013. Corporate social responsibility in a global context.Chapter in: Crane, A., Matten, D., and Spence, LJ,'Corporate Social Responsibility: Readings and Cases in a Global Context,2, pp.3-26. Ferraro, G. and Brody, E.K., 2015.Cultural Dimension of Global Business. Routledge. Fry, D.P. and Bjorkqvist, K., 2013.Cultural variation in conflict resolution: Alternatives to violence. Psychology Press. Idowu, S.O., Capaldi, N. and Zu, L., 2013.Encyclopedia of corporate social responsibility. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Knox, P.L. and Marston, S.A., 2013.Human geography: Places and regions in global context. Pearson. Lee, H.S. and Griffith, D.A., 2012. Transferring corporate brand image to local markets: Governance decisions for market entry and global branding strategy. In K.S. Swan and S. Zou eds.,,Interdisciplinary Approaches to Product Design, Innovation, Branding in International Marketing(pp. 39-65). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Moran, R.T., Abramson, N.R. and Moran, S.V., 2014.Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Nye Jr, J.S. and Welch, D.A., 2016.Understanding global conflict and cooperation: an introduction to theory and history. Pearson. Wilkinson, R., 2013.The WTO: Crisis and the governance of global trade. Routledge. Gond, J.-P., Igalens, J., Swaen, V. El Akremi, A., 2011 The human resources contribution to responsible leadership: an exploration of the CSR-HR interface, Journal of Business Ethics, 98, pp.115-132. Greenwood, M.R., 2002 Ethics and HRM: a review and conceptual analysis, Journal of Business Ethics, 36 (3), pp.261-278. Shen, J., 2011 Developing the concept of socially responsible international human resource management, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22 (6), pp.1351-1363.

The social cultural impacts of the Montserrat Volcanic Crisis placing the experience in a wider Caribbean context Essay Example

The social cultural impacts of the Montserrat Volcanic Crisis placing the experience in a wider Caribbean context Essay Montserrat is a small Caribbean island of approximately 102km2 in size and is situated to the South of its closest neighbour, Antigua. Both islands form part of the Leeward Islands chain as shown below: The island itself is a British overseas territory of volcanic origin, and until recently remained dormant. However, since 1995, the island has been severely affected by eruptions of the Soufriere Hills Volcano and the subsequent pyroclastic flows and mudslides associated with the volcanic activity. Such events have destroyed Plymouth, the Islands capital, the Airport situated on the East coast and much of the Southern third of the island. We will write a custom essay sample on The social cultural impacts of the Montserrat Volcanic Crisis placing the experience in a wider Caribbean context specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The social cultural impacts of the Montserrat Volcanic Crisis placing the experience in a wider Caribbean context specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The social cultural impacts of the Montserrat Volcanic Crisis placing the experience in a wider Caribbean context specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This has resulted in considerable social implications as a consequence of de-territorialization defined by Rozdilsky (2002) as the process of losing the natural relationship between culture and social territory, including the old new forms of symbolic production. The island once had a population of over 11000 people, which decreased considerably by approximately 2/3 to just 4500 in 2000 and is now home to only 80% of the original population figure approximately 8 000 people. In response to the eruption, approximately 2500 people relocated to other Caribbean islands and 3300-3700 had relocated before 1998 (DFID, 1999). Currently, the population is concentrated into the Northern third of the Island following the introduction of an Exclusion Zone encapsulating the most dangerous areas surrounding the Soufriere hills as shown below: The evacuation of people from dangerous areas of the island caused localized unrest and placed enormous pressures on the islanders. As Shotte describes the effect of these movements: Life for Montserratians has never been the same since July 1995. Three phases of internal displacement within the first nine months of the volcanic crisis, proved to be a frustrating and emotionally draining experience. Thus began the roller-coaster existence of a people whose lives were forcefully propelled on to unexpected and challenging roadways. The considerable reduction in land available for housing created serious social impacts; Those who chose not to leave the island following evacuation from the South where faced by two possibilities share with friends/family or be placed in temporary accommodation such as the Montserratian Defence Force barracks at Geralds. Eventually 1 in 7 people were housed temporarily in shelters. For many, a sense of order and stability in life is represented by land and home. For many Montserratians, this has been removed, producing disassociation and a confusion as to the sense of belonging. The people of Montserrat pre-1995 had a particular emotional attachment to their land. Plymouth and other areas around the island not only symbolised their identity and sense of being but also their ancestors struggle against colonialism and slavery. The land was previously seen as a type of security that can be handed down (Skelton. 2000. p70). Evacuation from the South has placed a strain on the areas of Davy Hill and Geralds where a large proportion of relocation has taken place. Geralds in particular has and is facing major changes through the construction of the new Airport to replace Bramble Airport, which was lost under pyroclastic flows on the East Coast. Despite offering 35 new jobs when completed and many during construction, at a cost of $EC42.6 million, the airport will dramatically change a large area of cultivated and inhabited land in the North of the Island meaning yet more relocation for those unlucky enough to be living where the airport is being built. Angela Greenaway (2002) comments that: for sustainable development to be achieved, there must be planning which caters for the local community but also has a healthy respect for the environment. This statement supports the need for sustainable development incorporating the airport but will come as little relief for the residents of Geralds who could well be relentlessly affected. The airport is however, very important to the development and safety (in terms of evacuation) of the island as more passengers will be catered for in light aircraft than the heliport could ever support. The questionable closure of the port (Osbourne, 2003) however, and removal of a twice-daily ferry service capable of carrying over 300 passengers is likely to hinder the development process until larger aeroplanes are able to service the island. For this to be the case, the runway must be extended which, according to the head of construction for the airport, is impossible given the shape of the land. Montserrat is characterised by a unique social and economic structure following the recent volcanic activity. Once self-sufficient and striving for independence, Montserrat is now more dependent than ever on Britain. The island once boasted low levels of unemployment and one of the highest standards of living in the Caribbean and up until the 1995 eruptions, had not received budgetary aid from the UK since 1981 (Skelton, 2000). The extent of Montserrats substantial borrowings (Cassell-Sealy, 2002) following 1995 was highlighted by the Chief Minister John Osbourne, who when interviewed, estimated that 80% of development funding post-volcanic event was received from the UK and EU. A return to self-sufficiency by 2007 is a target set out by the Montserratian government despite the admittance that independence is now impossible for the foreseeable future (Osbourne, 2003). As a direct result of the volcanic activity and threat of future such occurrences highlighted by the introduction of the exclusion zone in October 1996, much of the aforementioned population reduction was through migration to other Caribbean islands (predominantly the neighbouring Antigua to the North and Guadeloupe to the South), North America and most importantly the United Kingdom (Mainly due to colonial links). The decrease in population generated several negative effects such as the dramatic reduction in revenue from taxes and a productivity base loss of 95% (resulting from the dramatic reduction of both males and females in the main productivity age group of 15 64 years old) (DFID, 1999). Similarly, the island is experiencing the brain/skill drain, which symbolises the loss of talent and intellect to other countries from the same age group. Attracting Montserratians back to the island is proving a difficult task mainly due to the rates of pay, which are low in comparison to other countries such as the UK. Services such as education suffer considerably as a result with the lack of teachers hindering future development of the education system. This is a problem which the government hopes to ease with the use of subsidies from the UK, should they become available. Pre-1995 the economy was primarily service-based with a significantly large female workforce acting as both producers and reproducers (Skelton, 1989). Since the volcanic activity began, the depletion of the service industry has meant the majority of job vacancies now exist in the construction industry, an industry dominated by male intake. This male preference is causing a detrimental psychosocial fallout (Barnes, 2001) which has lowered self-perception and worth for women. According to Lee (1996), Montserratians are experiencing the pull of the UK and other locations away from the threat of volcanic activity as well as the push of poverty. In an attempt to achieve sustainable re-development of the island, three major government-backed agencies have been introduced. Firstly, the Montserrat Volcanic Observatory (MVO) provides the siland with detailed analysis of the volcanic activity, mainly through Radio Montserrat. As Jill Morten, director of the MVO (2003) states: The level of trust the people hold for the observatory is evident and the government and emergency department rely heavily on data from the observatory when changing the exclusion zone area or in case of an evacuation. Secondly, the Emergency Planning Department (EPD) was introduced to ensure the minimal impact of any natural disaster possible is experienced. As Horatio Tuitt (2003) from the EPD explained: The department have plans for every conceivable eventuality including Operation Exodus the plan to evacuate the entire island should it be necessary. Finally, the Physical Planning Department (PPD) ensures the most effective use and management of land on the island. Modern techniques are used to develop the island as Angela Greenaway (2003) states: Using base maps, surveying techniques and aerial photography, the department is working towards having the entire island plotted using GIS (Geographical Information Systems). It is hoped that with the successful management of the natural hazards which affect the island, the Tourist Industry will be able to re-develop itself and the national economy. The Government is targeting tourism as the main source of income as it was pre-1995 through re-development and since 1998, figures have steadily increased: * 1999 saw a 37% increase on the figures for 1998 * 2001 saw a further 9% increase on the figures for 2000 (West, 2003) Achieving sustainable development is key to the re-development of the island if it is to build for the future, this is possible in many ways including using the remnants of the eruption for tourism (such as Plymouth in its inundated state) and using the unique culture and habitat that characterises the island as a whole. The second method is perhaps one of the most important. As those who visit the island soon realise, Montserrat features a unique culture which welcomes visitors and when combined with the natural beauty of the island, creates an alternative to many other holiday destinations. Key to the re-development of the Montserratian tourist industry is for the UK to assist in the promotion of the island as a safe tourist destination and to curb the negative media attention surrounding the volcanic eruptions of recent years. Similarly, the promotion of the island needs to be enhanced with help from the UK (where many tourists are likely to come from) and a reduction in the reliance upon word-of-mouth and repeat visitors as mediums. The problems faced by the tourist industry in Montserrat are highlighted by Roselyn Cassell-Sealy of the National Development Fund (2002): Our incapacity to control the quantity and quality of the context of international news releases continues to handicap our attempts to market ourselves as an alternative small island tourist destination as well as a very real potential investment option. Currently, the Caribbean economy as a whole is a very complicated system originating from its colonial history (Boxhill, 1999). Most of the islands are still influenced or governed by their previous colonisers. More recently, the Caribbean countries are in the process of developing the idea of a Caribbean Single Market and Economy. Key features of which include the introduction of a single Caribbean currency, which would be utilised by all the full members of CARICOM (Caribbean Community Common Market) in an attempt to prevent marginalization and the influence of Trans-national Corporations. (Boxhill, 1999) Although Montserrat is a British Territory and is likely to be so for the foreseeable future, it is a member of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), using the Eastern Caribbean Dollar ($EC) as its main currency. Despite its reliance upon the UK and EU for funding, Montserrat maintains full independent status within the OECS (Skelton, 2000). However, the Chief Minister has highlighted the islands intentions to join the Single Caribbean Currency should the plan come to fruition. Montserrat purveyed one of the stronger Caribbean economies prior to the volcanic crisis (Skelton, 2000). Despite the activity since 1995, the standard of living on the island is still of a reasonable quality and is much higher than on other Caribbean islands areas of Africa and South America. Processes such as Globalization (featuring increased communication and transport links), have attracted migrants from such areas. Montserrat is keen however not to allow the introduction of possible detrimental activities to the island such as drug and gun cultures which could spoil the image and portrayal the island is striving to achieve as part of its sustainable development. The Governor, Chief Minister and Press officer Keith Greaves highlighted such matters as well as the already evident cultural changes which are a feature of the modern global community and are brought to the island by tourists and migrants alike. Such actions do however introduce the possibility of a sense of confusion as to the national identity which Montserratians are attempting to ascertain. As Fergus (1994) comments; Montserrations are still not certain what they are. One part of the Monserratian culture which is evident, and indeed prominent, is the importance of religion to the people. Walking or driving through villages on a Sunday morning immediately presents the level of importance the church holds to the people. There is very little activity, except for those going to or from church. Communities appear to be based around religious activities and groups with most activities being held in the local church hall. It is difficult if not impossible to determine what the future holds for Montserrat and its people. The volcanic activity since 1995 has had several socio and cultural impacts on the Island. The people have been relocated, sometimes on several occasions and are uncertain where their future lies perhaps this is why so many have moved to security and a certain future associated with an alternative sense of being. Many of those who took advantage of the UK governments 2-year exceptional leave to enter granted in April 1996 allowing free entry to the UK for Montserratians. It is also important to point out that those who chose to remain or moved to the island are now located in one third of the original size of the island. Islanders are now therefore living more on top of each other and the scope for future conflicts greater than those already experienced through activity such as relocation is increased. If the island is to achieve sustainable development, the reliance upon the UK and EU will continue for some considerable period and it is difficult to see how Montserratians will be able to achieve a real sense of nationalism and complete identity until the island re-develops considerably. It is not of course a foregone conclusion that volcanic activity will cease in the short term. This raises the question as to whether the Southern area of the island will ever be safe to use again in light of recent events. Either way, the socio-cultural impacts on Montserratians lives are likely to continue until the island achieves a stable economy and structure similar to that which existed pre-volcanic activity. The question remains as to when and indeed if this will happen.